ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN ANESTESI SPINAL PASIEN SECTIO CAESAREA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI RST CIREMAI

Abstract

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Sectio caesarea (SC) merupakan prosedur pembedahan mayor yang umum dilakukan untuk mengatasi kondisi kegawatdaruratan obstetri, salah satunya adalah hipertensi dalam kehamilan (HDK). Anestesi spinal (Subarachnoid Block/SAB) menjadi teknik pilihan yang sering digunakan karena efektif dan relatif aman untuk ibu dan janin.

Tujuan   : Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan asuhan kepenataan anestesiologi pada pasien G3P2A0 dengan HDK yang menjalani tindakan sectio caesarea menggunakan teknik regional anestesi (SAB).

Metode : Penulisan ini menggunakan metode studi kasus deskriptif pada pasien perempuan berusia 36 tahun yang dirawat di IBS RST Ciremai, Cirebon, pada tanggal 6 Agustus 2025. Data diperoleh dari observasi langsung, dokumentasi medis, dan evaluasi tindak lanjut.

Hasil : Pasien menjalani prosedur SC dengan teknik SAB menggunakan bupivakain 15 mg/3 ml. Selama tindakan, pasien mengalami hipotensi yang ditangani dengan pemberian ephedrine HCl. Pasca anestesi, pasien mengalami penurunan suhu tubuh dan menggigil, namun stabil tanpa komplikasi berat. Status fisik ASA II, dan tindakan anestesi berjalan sesuai standar pelayanan.

Kesimpulan: Manajemen anestesi regional dengan SAB pada pasien SC dengan HDK memerlukan pemantauan ketat terhadap hemodinamik dan termoregulasi. Evaluasi komprehensif dan kolaborasi multidisipliner berperan penting dalam keberhasilan tindakan anestesi.

Kata kunci: Sectio caesarea, anestesi spinal, hipertensi dalam kehamilan, regional anestesi,SAB

Abstract

Background: Cesarean section (CS) is a major surgical procedure commonly performed to address obstetric emergencies, including hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP). Spinal anesthesia (Subarachnoid Block/SAB) is a preferred technique due to its effectiveness and safety for both mother and fetus.

Objective: This article aims to describe the anesthesiology nursing care in a G3P2A0 patient with HDP undergoing a cesarean section under regional anesthesia using the SAB technique.

Method: This descriptive case study was conducted on a 36-year-old female patient treated at IBS RST Ciremai, Cirebon, on August 6, 2025. Data were obtained from direct observation, medical documentation, and postoperative evaluation.

Results: The patient underwent CS under SAB with 15 mg/3 ml bupivacaine. During the procedure, hypotension occurred and was managed with ephedrine HCl. Post-anesthesia, the patient experienced hypothermia and shivering but remained stable without major complications. The physical status was classified as ASA II, and the anesthetic procedure was conducted according to clinical standards.

Conclusion: Regional anesthesia using SAB in CS patients with HDP requires careful monitoring of hemodynamics and thermoregulation. Comprehensive evaluation and multidisciplinary collaboration play vital roles in achieving successful anesthetic outcomes.

Keywords: Cesarean section, spinal anesthesia, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, regional anesthesia, SAB